Science & Technology Review CONTENTS

Vol.26  No.3  2008

Semimonthly (Established 1980)

(Sum No. 249)    This issue published on 13. Feb., 2008

Forward

3  The Mission and Cultural Connotation of University

YANG Fujia

News Round

9  Scientific Questioning in Public Events

HUANG Yongming

Suggestion

10  Problems with and Suggestions on the Evaluation System from the Point of View of Sci-tech Novelty Retrieval

WANG Zhiping

Special to S&T Review

19  Glance at 100 Hot Issues of Science and Technology in 2007 (I)

CHEN Guangren

Articles

29  The NMC Nested Regional Spectral Model for Wenzhou Mean Temperature Prediction During Seasons of Typhoon

ZHENG Feng, MIAO Changming, ZHANG Xiaowei, et al.

Abstract: A regional spectral model based on nested primitive equations is developed. The model consists of two components-a low-resolution global spectral model and a high-resolution regional spectral model, with identical vertical structure and physical processes. The global model component is a low-resolution version of the operational global spectral model of National Meteorological Center (NMC) of the United States, using spherical harmonics as horizontal basis functions. The primitive equations in the regional spectral model are based on a stereographic projection, with sine-cosine series as horizontal basis functions. The regional component can predict deviations from the forecast of the global model component, as first proposed by Hoyer. A semi-implicit time scheme, time filtering, initialization, and horizontal diffusion are applied to these deviations in the regional domain. Wenzhou mean temperature during the seasons of typhoon is investigated by using the NRSM model. Some valuable sections are obtained and used for typhoon forecasting.

Keywords   NRSM; mean temperature; sensitivity experiments

34  Charactive Study on Radiation Budget over Urban and Suburban Underlying Surfaces Under Different Weather Conditions in Nanjing

PENG Jiangliang, WU Xi, LIU Hongnian, et al.

Abstract: The data related with radiation, aqueous vapor, and air temperature collected at the urban and suburban sites in Nanjing from 17 February to 2 March, 2006 are used in this paper to analyze the radiation budget over urban and suburban different underlying surfaces, and the changes of each component, as well as their differences. The results show: (1) the diurnal variation patterns of various radiation components follow the generally observed patterns, and the urban and suburban difference of net short and long wave radiation, and net radiation vary with different weather conditions, with the largest difference in bright days, the least difference in snowing days, and a medium, representative difference in cloudy days; (2) among various radiation components, the net short wave radiation dominates the ground surface radiation budget; (3) both the urban arid island in cloudy days and urban heat island in snowing days in winter are important factors related with the difference of radiation balance and component between urban and suburban sites.

Keywords   radiation budget; underlying surface; urban; suburban

41  Cloning Glutathione Synthetases and Screening for High-expression GSH Engineering Bacteria

WEI Suocheng, ZHANG Xianyun

Abstract: The gene of glutathione synthetase (GSH) was amplified by PCR and cloned into plasmid pGEX4T-1 to get a hybrid plasmid pGEX4T-1-GSH and then was transformed to XBlue, BL21, JM109, DH5α and TG1. Further more, GSH was induced by 1mol/L IPTG with its level being checked. The experimental results show that BL21 could produce more GSH than other bacteria. It is concluded that high level GSH can help to increase GSH level in E. coli BL21.

Keywords   glutathione synthetases; clone; expression; glutathione

44  Synthesis of Two 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone Compounds Under Ultrasonic Irradiation

LIAO Qili, WANG Jianying, HU Wenxiang

Abstract: 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone were synthesized from 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyranone (maltol) and benzyl chloride through three steps of reactions under ultrasonic irradiation. 2-methyl-3-benzyloxy-4-pyranone (1), N-substituted-2-alkyl-3-benzyloxy-4-pyranone (2a, 2b), N-substituted-2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyranone (3a, 3b) were synthesized with moderate to high yields (40%~91.55%). The results show that comparing with the conventional thermal reaction, ultrasonic irradiation reaction enjoys very good activities for synthesizing pyridinone compounds. The target compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR spectra.

Keywords   hydroxypyridinone; ultrasonic catalysis; synthesis

46  Analysis on the Feasibility of a Realizing Low-cost Family Medical Care System

RAO Wei, DENG Yueguang, YANG Yang, et al.

Abstract: Family medicine is a medical discipline aiming to provide a continuous and comprehensive health care for individuals and families. It overcomes the rigidity of traditional medical mode and may satisfy human needs to a greatest extent. However, due to the limitation of the quality of family physicians and the level of telemedicine techniques, the ideal goal of the family medicine with respect to overall health care and promotion is still far to reach. This paper analyzes the causes and technical obstacles thus encountered. A system framework for new generation family medicine for health care is outlined. Some feasible ways to its realization is illustrated. The state of the art of technologies on disease detection, monitoring, diagnosis and treatment is reviewed. A series of specific directions for technological breakthroughs are suggested, which will promote a translation of health care from passive state to active self-management, and thus significantly improve medical efficiency and lower cost of medical care.

Keywords   family medicine; telemedicine; health management; low cost medicine

52  Behavioral Study on Fatigue and Daily Life of Students in Senior High School

CHEN Wendi, HE Zhen, LI Zongquan, et al.

Abstract: To study the state of subjective fatigue of senior high school students and their behaviors related to sleeping, dietary habits, and physical exercises, a questionnaire on subjective fatigue, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a questionnaire on their daily behavior were used to survey 198 senior high school students. The analysis of the data reveals the following facts. The grade related to fatigue of the students is rather high, 28.29±17.70. That of the male students is higher than that of the female students, and that of non-resident students is higher than that of resident students (P<0.05). 28.5％ of students are seriously fatigued. The averaged sleeping time of the students is (6.55±0.86) h, the averaged time to fall asleep is (12.64±12.04) min. The averaged PSQI is 4.90±2.29, 86.86% of students have PSQI≤7, which means a good sleeping quality. 60％～90％ of the students have good dietary habits, while only 7.4% of the students take regular physical exercises.

Keywords   senior high school; students; fatigue; occupational health

57  Determination of the Sand Drift and Its Boundary

YIN Jianye, YAN Min, LIU Chenhao

Abstract: In dealing with the coupling between fluid and solid, the boundary or interface between the fluid and solid needs to be determined. DEM (Discrete Element Method) is used to study the movement of wind-blown sand. With due consideration of the basic features of the wind-blown movement with the interface of sand drift and air being in constant variation, this paper proposes a method to determine the boundary between air and sand drift with saltation sand.

Keywords   discrete element method; saltation; boundary of sand drift; fluid-solid coupling

60  Land Use Cheng of the Coal Mine Area and Its Effect on Irrigation System

YANG Yanjie, CHANG Jingjing, XU Yuetong, et al.

Abstract: With Yanzhong coal mine area as an example, this paper studies the situations of land-using types and agriculture irrigation system in the coal mine area with the RS and GIS technology. Dramatic changes have taken place in the land-using types and the irrigation system, because of the coal exploitation for more than 20 years. The agricultural area in the coal mine area has been decreased sharply, and the area of subsidence and construction increased accordingly. The agriculture irrigation system now mainly takes the form of the motor -pumped well instead of the river irrigation. The subsidence and the cracks formed in the coal area lead to reduction of agricultural output. They also make the river run dry and reduce the irrigation scale of the motor-pumped well. The 300-meter buffer area of the river was decreased by 31.7% and the density of the motor-pumped well for the agriculture increased from 4.79 to 8.32 per square kilometer from 1978 to 1997. This paper analyzes the influence of subsidence of one river in the coal mine area, indicating that motor-pumped wells take the place of the river and become the main water source of the agriculture as the river runs dry. The distributions of the motor-pumped well of the mining area and non-mining area are compared in this paper, and it is discovered that the number and the density of the motor-pumped well in the mining area has been increased greatly. This paper first puts forward the concept of the dependence Degree of Motor-Pumped Well (DMPW) and analyzes the influence degree of the motor-pumped well on various land-using types, finding that the DMPW of the subsidence area is the smallest, which indicating that the subsidence sharply obstructs the motor-pumped well's function.

Keywords   land use; irrigation; coal mine area

65  Analysis on Landscape Pattern of Land Use and Conversion in Loufan County

HAO Chunyan, WANG Yan, HAO Congrong

Abstract: Based on the data on land use, the digital map in 1995 and 2004, and indexes of landscape pattern and using MapGIS, SPSS 13.0 and the concepts of landscape ecology, an analysis is carried out on the pattern change of LUCC (Land Use and Cover Change). The results show that cropland, grassland and water land were decreased, and construction land was increased. Under the impact of human activities, the diversity index, fragmentation and separation indexes saw a rising trend, and the dominance was decreased during 1995 and 2004. So the pattern of LUCC in Loufan goes in direction unfavorable for the development of the upriver ecological environment in Fenhe River.

Keywords   Lanhe River; LUCC; landscape pattern; landscape indexes

Perspectives

68  Further Analysis on the Alternative Plan of Western Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer

HUO Youguang

Reviews

74  Progress and Current State of the Development of Laser Imaging Detection System and Its Key Techniques

SUN Zhihui, DENG Jiahao, YAN Xiaowei

80  Progress of Research on Markers in Myocardial Injury

DONG Lei, ZHANG Xiaopeng, CHEN Wei

86  Framework to Address Human Factors in a Human-Earth System

XU Zhongmin, CHENG Guodong

93  Notes on Reviews in Chinese Science Abstracts(Chinese Edition)

Science Reports

96  Scientific Exploration and Human Well-being

Commentary

98  The Creation of Special Relativity: Einstein's Scientific Insight

CHENG Jun

99  The Role of Scientists in Hot Issues

WU Yishan

100  How do Indians Protect Tigers

ZHANG Jinshuo

101  Books Appraisal

Editor-in-chief's Thoughts

103  How to Pound the Foundation of Postgraduates Successful Research Career (XIX)

FENG Changgen

Special Columns

8  Cover Story

11  Voice of Scientific Communit

12  Half-month News Briefs

14  International Journal Highlights

15  Domestic Journal Highlights

16  Scientific Community Briefs

18  Guidance for Contributors to S&T Review

73  Correspondence: The Misconduct

94  Digest of Chinese Newspapers and Journals

95  Events

102  Readers' Letters

104  Enterainments

To the Workplace

106  Linking Theory with Practice: The Key of Matching People with Jobs

CHENG Jiwei

107  Carrer

110  Global Jobs