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Science & Technology Review CONTENTS |
Vol.27 No.24 2009 |
Semimonthly (Established 1980) |
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(Sum No. 294) This issue published on 28. Dec., 2009 |
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Forward |
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3 Pharmaceutical Industry and New Drug Discovery of China in the Financial Crisis
SANG Guowei |
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Cover Story |
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8 The Nobel Prize for Science Manifesting Outstanding Achievements of Basic Research
CHEN Guangren |
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News Round |
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9 To Chase the Sun and Drive the Wind in the Research
FieldsYANG Shujuan |
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Events |
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11 Warming Threat Less Important than National Interests, Disorder and Deadlock Arised Constantly in the Climate Summit: Limited Consensus was Reached at the Copenhagen Climate Summit
LI Na |
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Suggestion |
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18 Suggestions on Accelerating the Development of Nuclear Power and Its Related Industry
XU Bujin |
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Special to S&T Review |
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19 Optical Fiber and Charge Coupled Device: Brief Introduction of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics
NIE Yuxin |
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23 Story of Ribosome Structure: Brief Introduction of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
SU Xiaodong, LILJAS Anders |
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29 Discovery of Telomeres and Telomerase: Brief Introduction of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
XI Peng |
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34 The Humanistic Significance of Astronomy: Record of "Symposium on Modern Progress of Astronomy and Its Humanistic Significance to Human"
LI Na |
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Articles |
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37 Properties of Conductive Fluid Sol Used in Blackout Ammunition
ZHANG Zhiwei, WANG Shushan, WEI Jifeng
Abstract An ammunition against power systems based on the mechanism of high-voltage flashover is proposed. The essential properties of the damaging elements (conductive fluid sol) are discussed, including electrical conductivity, anti-removal property, flashover property, long-term storage property and high/low temperature stability. The sample of conductive fluid sol is trial-manufactured with the modified acrylic resin as binder and silver-plating copper particles as conductive filler. The effects of the relative amounts of filler, thinner and coupling agents on the electrical conductivity are analyzed. In view of the physical and chemical properties, it is shown that the sample enjoys good performance. The simulation damage test shows that the sample has a good damage property against insulator and the conductive fluid sol has a promising prospect. The results lay a foundation for further researches.
Keywords power system; flashover damage; conductive fluid sol; electrical conductivity |
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41 Particle Composition and Distribution in Cement with Large Volume of Fly Ash and Their Influences on the Mechanical Property
LIU Wenyong, LI Qimin, YANG Peng, et al.
Abstract This paper discusses the particle composition and distribution in cement with large volume of fly ash and their influences on the mechanical property of the cement. Through changing the grinding time and the content of fly ash adulterated into the cement, different samples of fly ash cement are obtained. The relation between the particle distribution and the mechanical property of the cement is analyzed by using the grey correlation analysis method, and the mechanical property of the cement could then be improved with the optimization of the particle distribution. The results show that for the same kind of cement, with different grinding time, the particle zones that dominate the strength of the cement varied; for cement of different compositions, with the same grinding time, the effective particle zones that dominate the mechanical property of the cement also much varied.
Keywords fly ash; particle distribution; cement containing large volume of fly ash; grey correlation analysis |
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46 Comparison Analysis of Mini-oil Layer of Complex Structures on Oil Reservoir of Multi-faultage
YANG Yujie
Abstract The dynamic analysis of oil reservoir is important both in theory and in practice. According to a comparison analysis, the faults of mini-oil layers on complex structures and the multi-faults of oil reservoir would make the production-injection relation of the oil and water wells and the block completion degree unclear and wouls even have thorny effects on the whole geological research. The dynamic analysis, a new approach of perfecting the comparison method on the oil layers is carried out for an example for the comparison analysis on the mini-oil layers of the western fourth section of the oil extraction area of Fuyu in Jilin oilfield in this paper. The multi-wells are analyzed to discover faults betimes by adopting conventional comparison on the oil layers and considering the position of the geological formation, the tendency of geological formation and the drilling geologic logging data. The analysis results of three-dimensional seismic data show that the drilling faults and the neighborhood fault wells are consistent basically with the comparison analysis on the mini-oil layers of 728 new wells, especially, the fourteen drilling meeting faultage wells from 1984. The comparison methods of the oil layers are further improved for the further development of oil fields to obtain the relationship between the production-injection of the oil and water wells, which may provide a guide for practical work in the oil field.
Keywords mini-oil layer; multi-faultage; standard layer; position of geological formation; dynamic analysis; verification of three-dimensional structure |
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51 Incidence of Bronchitis in Haixizhou Region Based on the Asymmetric ARCH Model
MA Liangliang, TIAN Fupeng
Abstract Based on the theory of the asymmetric ARCH model, the ARCH, TARCH-M, EGARCH and EGARCH-M models are established to study the relationship between the monthly incidence rate of bronchitis and the average temperature in Haixizhou Region. The EViews software is used for statistical analysis of the data of registered cases of bronchitis and the average temperature in Haixizhou Region, Qinghai Province, at the same time, the independence tests and forecasts for the residue series are carried out to validate the established models. The optimized model, TARCH(1, 1)-M model, is obtained. The results show that this model can be best used to describe the relationship between the monthly incidence rate of bronchitis and the average temperature, to simulate the variation trend of the monthly incidence rate and to predict the future incidence trend, with a high prediction precision.
Keywords asymmetric ARCH model; ARCH LM test; independence test; EViews software |
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56 Global Spatial Statistics of the Territory of China
ZHAO Zuoquan, SONG Dunjiang
Abstract In view of describing the territory of China as a whole from a statistical perspective, this paper gives an estimate of the global spatial characteristics of the territory of China using global spatial statistics (or statistics of spatial distribution). A design-and pattern-based method of spatial sampling, or the global spatial random sampling, is proposed, and applied to the China's Digital Elevation Model (DEM, 1 : 4 000 000). The parameters of the spatial pattern, including the center of gravity, orientation, geographical range and spatial intensity, are estimated for the DEM, which is decomposed into a terrain surface and a geometric outline. The results demonstrate that both the surface and the outline differ remarkably in the center of gravity, orientation, geographical scope and spatial intensity, revealing the complexity of the territory of China on the global surface; the small margins of errors show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed pattern- and design-based approach of spatial sampling.
Keywords global spatial statistics; spatial sampling; China's territory; terrain; geometric outline |
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61 Effects of Natural Medicine Turkish Gall and the Union Fluorine on Caries Development in Rats
NIU Qiaoli, UPUR Halmurat, ZHAO Jin, et al.
Abstract Based on the experimental observation of animal, the effects of the natural medicines Turkish gall and the union fluorine on dental caries prevention are studied. To provide a basis for the natural medicine to be used for the prevention of dental caries, SPF-SD rats infected with Streptococcus mutans were selected. The caries 2000#, with distilled water, infusion Turkish gall, NaF and CHX solution, as well as the Turkish gall+NaF mixture, respectively, were applied to 5 groups of rats by painting their mouth. The collected rat saliva was cultured, the levels of Streptococcus mutans and dental caries score of Keyes were recorded to see the effects of Turkish gall on the rat growth and reproduction of Streptococcus mutans in their mouth and to evaluate the effects of drugs in inhibiting the formation of caries. The results show that
(1) Streptococcus mutans level: as compared with the distilled water, there is a decrease to different extents for all strains, but only for NaF and CHX groups there is a significant difference (P<0.05);
(2) caries scores of Keyes: the experimental groups of drugs all show some inhibition effects on the formation of dental caries in rats in varying degrees, of which Turkish gall shows good effects on sulcal-surface and smooth-surface caries (P<0.05), but they are all lower than the NaF group; Turkish gall+NaF group has no obvious role in the synergistic inhibition of caries. The natural medicine Turkish gall inhibits rat oral Streptococcus mutans growth and metabolism, which effectively prevents the occurrence of dental caries.
Keywords caries; Turkish gall; animal model; Streptococcus mutans |
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67 530 Cases of Microsurgery for the Congenital Neural Tube Deformans
CUI Zhiqiang, XIAO Kai, REN Huanda, et al.
Abstract To discuss the therapeutic effect of microsurgery for the Congenital Neural Tube Deforman (CNTD), the clinical data of 530 cases in examinations of nervous system and MRI were considered. The microsurgical treatment for the congenital neural tube deforman was performed in all cases and the therapeutic effectiveness after operation was graded according to the physical improvement of the patients: excellent, effective, ineffective and aggravation. The degree of untethering after microsurgery based on Kirollos grading system is used for assessment. The results are as follows: Grade I in 518 cases (97.7%), Grade II in 12cases (2.2%), Grade III in 0 cases (0%). The short term curative effectiveness in 530 patients is as follows: excellent for 112 cases (21.1%), improved for 410 cases (77.4%), not changed for 6 cases (1.1%) and aggravated for 2 case (0.3%). It is concluded that microsurgical release may be the only therapy for CNTD.
Keywords congenital neural tube deforman; microsurgery therapy; tethered cord syndrome |
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70 Influence of Passenger Waiting Time on the Energy Consumption of Escalators in Railway Stations
MA Weiwu, HU Qiang, LIU Qiyi, et al.
Abstract Our research is based on the Little Formula and the classical queuing model of multi-channel M|D|n. The escalator allocation and the influencing factors of the energy consumption are studied. The relations between the average queue length, the maximum waiting time and the escalator service intensity are obtained. The waiting time simulation model is built. The passenger delivery data at a railway station in China is used. With the probability distribution model of waiting time, an analysis is made on the escalator allocation, power and energy consumption on three kinds of working days, that is, holidays, ordinary working days and the largest-passengers-volume days. Meanwhile, the fixed and variable energy consumption rates for different waiting times are compared. For example, the waiting time can take values of 5, 10 and 30 seconds. The result shows that the waiting time settings affect the allocation of the escalators and the energy consumption of the escalators. The fixed energy consumption takes 70% of the whole. Variable energy consumption takes 30%.
Keywords waiting time; queuing model; Little formula; escalator allocation; fixed energy consumption; variable energy consumption |
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Reviews |
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76 Evaluation of Anti-tactical Ballistic Missile Operation
HAN Zhaochao, HUANG Shucai, ZHANG Dongyang |
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81 Recent Progresses in Plasma Flow Control
YANG Bo, BAI Mindi, XUE Xiaohong, et al. |
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86 Advances of Studies on Electromagnetism Shielding Fabric
PAN Zhiyong, ZANG Hui, WU Zhongwei, et al. |
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92 Notes on Reviews in Chinese Science Abstracts |
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Focus |
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94 On the Possibility of Original Innovation: The Innovational Enlightenment of the Nobel Prize for Science
HUANG Tao |
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Commentaries |
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96 Criterion and Spirit of Research
ZENG Yi |
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97 You Can't Have Your Cake and Eat it too
WANG Jin |
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98 Institutional Repository Coming Out Academic Exchange Facing Reforming
CHEN Guangren |
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99 Books Appraisal |
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100 Readers' Voices
WANG Hongzhang, FAN Baolong, PAN Jinlan |
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Editor-in-chief's Thoughts |
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101 How Do Young Scientists Achieve Success (28): Academic Paper (VI)
FENG Changgen |
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To the Workplace |
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102 Topic Selection of Science and Technology Fund Application Project VII: Decomposition and Location of Scientific Problem
LU Qunyan |
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103 On High-level "Order-oriented" Cultivation of Postgraduates
JIANG Enqiao |
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104 Career |
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109 Global Jobs |
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Special Columns |
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8 Sci-Tech News Ranking for the First Half of November |
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10 Voice of Scientific Community |
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12 Scientific Community Briefs |
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14 Half-month Domestic News Briefs |
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15 Domestic Journal Highlights |
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16 Half-month International News Briefs |
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17 International Journal Highlights |
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93 Digest of Chinese Newspapers and Journals |
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101 Introduction to Scientific Community Member's Day of China Association for Science and Technology |
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114 Guidance for Contributors to S&T Review |
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115 Intellectual Games |
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117 General Contents of Science & Techology Review in |
