Science & Technology Review CONTENTS	Vol.25  No.24  2007 (Sum No. 246)
	This issue published on 25. Dec., 2007
Forward
1  Live harmoniously on the Globe by Understanding and Adapting to the Nature—Implication from UN Climste Change Conference in Bali Island LI Jiachun
News Round
7  The Transmutation of Scientific Issues HUANG Yongming
Suggestion
8  Suggestions on the Protection of Sustainable Development of the Ecological Environment of the arid and semiarid lands of Western China GAO Wei
Special to S&T Review
17  From Physical Discovery to a Successful Device — Why Nobel Prize is Given to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg, the Discoverer of Giant Magnetic Resistance Effect HAN Xiufeng, LIU Dongping, WEN Zhenchao
25  Chemical Processes on Solid Surfaces — Introduction to the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry MA Xiufang, DENG Huiqiu, LI Weixue
30  Gene Targeting Techniques as a Powerful Tool to Explore the Secret of Gene Function —Introduction to Achievement of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine QIN Chuan
Articles
36  GUI for Computing Center-frequency of the Scale and Wavelet Functions and Its Applications FAN Jichang, LIU Mingjun, HAI Yan, et al. Abstract: The center-frequency is an important parameter in time-frequency analysis of digital signals and in determinating the maximum wavelet and wavelet packets decomposition level. Because only for a wavelet functions the center-frequency can be computed in Matlab，but not for the scale function, in this paper, GUI program for computing the center-frequency of the scale and wavelet functions are developed based on power spectrum. Examples show that the method and program are effective. Key Words: center-frequency; scale function; wavelet function; GUI CLC Numbers: TP319, TN911.72  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0036-04
40  Effect of Nucleation Agent on Crystallization Behavior of Poly (trimethylene terephthalate) XU Yong, JIA Hongbing, ZHU Genping, et al. Abstract: The crystallization behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) containing various nucleation agents was studied by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Depolarized Light Intensity(DLI) technique and Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM).The results show that the onset temperature of melting crystallization, isothermal crystallization rate and crystallization morphology are affected by the incorporation of nucleation agent. The nucleation agents can promote the crystallization of PTT and the talcum powder is the most efficient while the sodium benzoate the least efficient among the nucleation agents investigated. Key Words: poly(trimethylene terephthalate); nucleation agent; crystallization CLC Number: O631  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0040-04
44  Origins of the Three Minority Populations in Hainan Island as Seen from Y-SNP SUN Yuantian, YANG Bo, OU Caiying, et al. Abstract: This paper explores the origins of the three minority populations(Li, Hainan-Hui and Gelong) in Hainan Island by analyzing the frequency of Y-chromosome haplotype of six Y-SNP alleles in 410 male individuals, selecting six Y chromosome biallelic markers located at the nonrecombining portion by using PCR-RFLP. Four haplotypes were detected in Li ethnic group. The O*-M175 haplogroup is common and predominant (frequency ＞95) in all branch groups of Li. Four haplotypes exist in Hui ethnic group and 2 in Gelong population. The principal component analysis of SNP haplotype distribution shows that Li ethnic groups, Paiwan, Ataya and Baiyue might origin from a common ancestry. Hainan-Hui ethnic group is different from Hui population in north China and other areas, and there is a close relationship among Gelong, Li and Gelao populations. Key Words: Y-chromosome; SNP; haplotype CLC Numbers: Q982+.1, Q987.1  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0044-04
48  Analysis of Groundwater Depth Series Based on Chaos Theory XU Yonghua Abstract: The poor water resource has been one important restricting factor for social economical sustainable development in Songnen plain, an important production base of commodity food grain in China. The planning of the groundwater, as the main water resource, is an urgent task and the groundwater system is a complicated nonlinear system. In this paper, first, the delay time and reconstruction dimension of groundwater depth series are calculated for the reconstruction of the state space. Secondly, the obvious chaos characteristics in the series of groundwater depth in Songnen plain are revealed through the correlative dimension method and Poincare section method. The theoretical evidence is provided for applying the chaos theory to study the variable law of groundwater depth in Songnen plain. Key Words: chaos; reconstruction of state space; saturated correlative dimension; Poincare images CLC Number: O224  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0048-04
52  Assessment of the Green Water Resource and Its Exploitation by Rainwater Harvesting Techniques in the Terrestrial Ecosystem LI Xiaoyan, MA Yujun, SONG Ran, et al. Abstract: Green water is the fraction of rainfall that infiltrates into the soil and is available to plants, through evapotranspiration. It is often neglected in the conventional water-resource assessment. This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of green water in China and the relation between green water and blue water in the inland river basin, Tengger desert and the Loess Plateau, and discusses potentiality of rainwater harvesting techniques in green-water exploitation. It may be estimated that the total amount of green water is approximately 3 400 km3/a in China, about 54％ of the total precipitation. Green water covers over 70％ of the precipitation in northwestern regions and about 48％ in southern regions and its distribution is highly heterogeneous. In the rain-fed Loess Plateau, the proportion of green water to the precipitation is more than 90％, of which non-productive green water accounts for 45％~50％; and in the inland Heihe river basin, the proportion of green water to the precipitation is about 77％, of which non-productive green water accounts for 52.4％. Combined use of rainwater harvesting and mulching could increase green-water productivity, and is promising for green-water exploitation. Key Words: green water; rainwater harvesting; water resource CLC Number: P33  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0052-06
58  Distributed Energy System and Its Integration SUI Jun, JIN Hongguang, LIN Rumou, et al. Abstract: The distributed energy system(DES) directly and simultaneously supplies end-users with energy in different forms such as  electricity,  heat,  and  cold.  As  it  is  an  efficient,  environment-friendly,  economical  and  small  energy  system,  and  its complementary use along with the conventional power grid will become a promising direction for sustainable energy utilization technologies.  The crucial technologies of the DES include micro-small power, middle-and-low temperature thermal energy utilization and system integration technology.  The DES is the most effective method for energy conservation in a big way.  The system integration principles of the DES is discussed, including the comprehensive cascade utilization of energy, the energy, resources and environment supplementary synthesis, as well as system integration under all-operating conditions. Key Words: distributed energy system; crucial technology; system integration; renewable energy; cascade utilization CLC Number: TK121  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0058-05
63  Application of Web Service in China Digital Science and Technology Museum LI Shuangbin, ZHAO Shan, CHANG Xiaoming Abstract: China Digital Science and Technology Museum is one of the state basic condition platform for science and technology. It is dedicated to integrate the educational resources of science popularization, exhibit the development of science and technology and production by virtual reality and multimedia. It will serve as a platform for integrating the online resources for science and technology to facilitate educators and anyone who is interested to promote science to draw the resources online and produce their own digital contents for science education. These resources are standardized and converted to the most popular and easy to access format to ensure maximum utilization as well as the most user friendly and efficient download. In this respect, the site is continuously undergoing integration and syndication of useful resources in the area of science and technology. According to the requirements of the China digital science and technology museum, as one of the basic platform for science and technology in China, this paper analyzes the difficult points in unified integration and unified services, the structure of the web service technology, the web service's applications and related methodology. It also discusses how to solve problems of unified identity checking, resource searching and the application calling. Key Words: Web Service; system integration; data sharing CLC Number: TP39  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0063-06
69  Model of Granule Tyre and Granule Ground FANG Jun, YAN Min, XU Lifeng Abstract: Based on the model of the ground and tyre in terra-mechanics, and due to the limitation of various models, the concept of the granule tyre and granule ground are put forward, the systematic mechanics model of tyre and ground with the Discrete Element Method (DEM) is established. The stress distributions of top soil while tyre is going on the selected ground is simulated and analysed.  The result is comparatived with the results of relevant references. Key Words: Discrete Element Method; particle tire; particle ground; constitutive relations; numerical simulation CLC Number: O242.26  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1000-7857(2007)24-0069-04
Reviews
73  A Law of Nature: The Maximum Flux Principle FENG Qingyi, CHAI Lihe
81  Notes on Reviews in Chinese Science Abstracts(Chinese Edition)
Science Reports
82  Scientific Research on the Pharmacodynamics
Commentary
85  Self-citation and Other-citation: The Endless Story PAN Yuntao, WU Yishan
86  "Greatness in Question" YIN Chuanhong
87  Books Appraisal
Editor-in-chief's Thoughts
89  How to Pound the Foundation of Postgraduates Successful Research Career (XVI) FENG Changgen
Special Columns
6  Cover Story
9  Voice of Scientific Communit
10  Half-month News Briefs
12  International Journal Highlights
13  Domestic Journal Highlights
14  Scientific Community Briefs
16  Guidance for Contributors to Science and Technology Review
84  Events
88  Readers' Letters
90  Entertainment
92  Digest of Chinese Newspapers and Journals
93  Career
95  Global Jobs
97  General Contents of Science & Technology Review